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The role of native Iranian herbs as immune and growth promoter in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Maryam Ghiasi *   |
| Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, P.O.Box: 4847153948, Farah-Abad, Sari, Iran , ghiasimaryam4@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (234 Views) |
Rainbow trout ranks among the most significant cultured fish species globally. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), global rainbow trout production exceeded 700,000 tons in 2020 and the same year, Iran contributed over 200,000 tons of rainbow trout, representing more than 25% of the world’s production. However, challenges such as poor water quality, high fish density per unit area, and inadequate feed quality can induce stress and weaken the immune system, leading to reduced growth and heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases in rainbow trout.The prevailing method for controlling infectious diseases involves antibiotic use. Nevertheless, the widespread application of antibiotics presents issues, including drug residues in fish meat, consumer health concerns and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microbial strains, increased production costs, and negative environmental impacts. Furthermore, the growing demands for high-quality, sustainable products necessitates urgent restrictions or even bans on antibiotic use in fish farming. In recent decades, native Iranian medicinal plants and their effective compounds have gained popularity for preventing and treating infectious diseases in aquaculture. These approaches circumvent the development of antibiotic-resistant strains, prevent drug residues in fish, and maintain microbial balance in water. The diverse bioactive compounds found in medicinal plants enhance growth, improve digestive enzyme activity and nutrient absorption, optimize blood and serum parameters, bolster innate and specific immune responses, and enhance resistance to microbial infections in rainbow trout. This review examines research on the performance and varied effects of native Iranian medicinal plants concerning the growth, health, and immunity of rainbow trout. It also explores potential underlying mechanisms. The article offers a promising outlook for future plant-based dietary supplements that can promote growth and boost immunity in rainbow trout aquaculture.
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| Keywords: Rainbow trout, Antibitics, Herbs, immunostimulants, Iran |
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2024/09/7 | Accepted: 2024/11/8 | Published: 2025/03/30
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