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Dietary effect of Kakuti (Ziziphora clinopodioides) extract on serum biochemical parameters, liver enzymes activity and antioxidant defense of rainbow trout fry
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Elahe Oroji1   , Mehdi Shamsaie Mehrgan * , Houman Rajabi Islami1 , Issa Sharifpour3 |
1- Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch
Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch , m.shamsaie@iau.ac.ir
3- Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI) |
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Abstract: (479 Views) |
Introduction: The aquaculture industry has the fastest growth in animal protein production worldwide. In this regard, salmon farming has a rapid growth in some countries, including Iran, due to modern technologies. The medicinal plant Kakuti, Ziziphora clinopodioides (ZE), belongs to the mint family and is one of the important medicinal plants, all parts of this herb are used in traditional medicine.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in a private farm in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province for 8 weeks. In this study, 450 healthy rainbow trout fry with an average weight of 21.19±1.09 g were randomly transferred to 15 tanks to design 5 experimental groups with three replications. Different experimental groups were fed three times a day based on apparent satiety with experimental diets including 0 (control), 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 4.5% ZE extract for 8 weeks. In order to obtain the extract of ZE, Kakuti plant was dried in the shade, ground well with an electric grinder and shaken for 48 h in 85% methanol solution for 2 days at room temperature with a shaker. Then, the resulting solution was passed through filter paper and its alcohol was separated by a rotary device at 50 °C. The resulting extract was stored at 4 °C. Finally, the effect of different levels of the ZE aqueous-alcoholic extract on the serum biochemical indices, liver enzymes, and antioxidant defense of rainbow trout was evaluated.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that administration of ZE at all levels except 0.5% increased catalase activity (p<0.05). The serum biochemical parameters showed that dietary supplementation with concentrations of 3 and 4.5% significantly reduced glucose, cholesterol and cortisol levels (P <0.05). Meanwhile, the highest amount of albumin was recorded in fish fed with dose of 4.5%, which showed a significant difference with other groups except 3% (p<0.05). Examination of liver enzymes showed that the levels of liver enzymes in response to a diet containing 3% ZE showed a significant decrease compared to 0.5% and the control group. Rainbow trout treated with 3% ZE extract is one of the main reasons for these findings, as this dose was able to protect the hepatobiliary system against stress. The supplementation of the diet with 3% ZE extract resulted in a significant improvement in the activity of superoxide dismutase (77.72 ± 2.09 U/ml) compared to fish belonging to 0.5 and 1.5 treatments and the control groups (p<0.05). Also, the amount of malondialdehyde (2.70 ± 0.25 nM/ml) and glutathione peroxidase (0.38 ± 0.08 U/ml) were significantly changed in the group fed with 3% ZE. ZE at 3% improved the serum biochemical metabolites and antioxidant capacity in rainbow trout.
Conclusion: Overall, the 3% aqueous alcoholic extract of Kakuti improved serum biochemical metabolites and antioxidant capacity in rainbow trout fry. |
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| Keywords: Albumin, Liver enzymes, Antioxidant defense, Feed supplements, Medicinal plant. |
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Full-Text [PDF 1107 kb]
(73 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2023/05/1 | Accepted: 2023/05/31 | Published: 2025/03/30
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