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Evaluating effect of dietary administration of citric acid and lemon juice (Citrus limon) on growth performance, serum and mucus immune responses, related-genes expression of growth (GH, IGF-I) and immune (Lyz, IL-1) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
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Zahra Roohi *   , Mohammadreza Imanpour2 , Roghaei Safari2 |
Department of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Gorgan, Iran., Department of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Gorgan, Iran. , zahra.roohi2022@gmail.com
2- Department of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. Gorgan, Iran. |
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Abstract: (917 Views) |
| This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary administration of citric acid and lemon juice (Citrus limon) on growth performance, serum, and mucus immune responses, related-genes expression of growth (GH, IGF-I), and immune (Lyz, IL-1) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). In this study, 300 common carp (mean weight 15±0.4 g) were randomly distributed between fifteen, 300 l fiberglass holding tanks. The fish were fed in five groups (each with three replicates) containing 0.5 and 1% citric acid, 0.5 and 1% lemon juice per kg feed, and also control with a basal diet without additives for eight weeks. Obtain results showed that fish fed with the diet containing citric acid had significantly higher growth indices compared to the control group (p<0.05). Also, the results indicated a significant increase in the innate immune responses including serum and mucus immunoglobulin and lysozyme, when the diet was supplemented with 1% citric acid (p<0.05). The levels of alanine aminotransferase and Glutathione S-transferase enzymes showed a significant reduction in the fish fed with additives, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes were significantly reduced in the fish fed with a diet containing 1% citric acid (p<0.05). Regarding the genes expression, results revealed that the growth (GH, IGF-I) and immune (Lyz, IL-1) genes were significantly influenced by dietary supplementation, indicating that the genes expression were increased in compared to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study showed that dietary administration of citric acid and lemon juice, especially 1% citric acid, have been improved the growth and some immune indices in common carp. |
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| Keywords: Citric acid, Common carp, Growth, Gene expression, Immune response, Lemon juice. |
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Full-Text [PDF 376 kb]
(254 Downloads)
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2021/02/12 | Accepted: 2021/07/31 | Published: 2024/06/30
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