2024-03-28T18:02:18+03:30 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=23&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
23-309 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 onion powder, biochemical parameters, enzyme, immune response, Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Reza Akrami akrami.aqua@gmail.com Mahshid Shamloofar shamloofar@yahoo.com The aim of present study was evaluate effect of various levels of dietary onion powder on immunological and blood serum biochemical parameters of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish were offered formulated diets that either contained three levels of onion powder 0.5%, 1% and 2% or the basal diet without the onion for 8 week. Blood samples were collected from caudal vein of apparently healthy fish at the end of trial. Biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride and glucose), serum enzymes activity (ALP, ALT and LDH) level and immune responses (serum lysozyme activity, alternative complement activity (ACH50) and Ig level) were assessed. The results indicated that feeding dietary 0.5% onion powder showed a significant increase in serum total protein (P<0.05) compared with those fed the diets supplemented with onion while there were no significant difference in other biochemical parameters. Subsequently, serum enzymes (ALP and ALT) activity level were significantly lower in 0.5% onion powder fed fish (P<0.05). In addition, lysozyme activity showed a significant increase in 0.5% onion group compared to the other onion and control group (P<0.05), although no significant difference in serum Ig level and alternative complement activity (ACH50) level between treatments were found (P>0.05). The results of this study demonstrated that dietary onion powder at the level of 0.5% could be an improvement in biochemical parameters and immune function of Common carp. onion powder biochemical parameters enzyme immune response Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). 2018 1 01 1 12 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-309-en.pdf
23-425 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Utilizing Continuous Culture System of Microalgae )Scenedesmus obliquus( For Implied Biological Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Aref Pirbeigi Pirbeigiaref@yahoo.com Seyyed Abbas Hosseini abbas_hoseyni@srbiau.ac.ir Rasul Ghorbani Rasulghorbani@gmail.com Hassan Rezaei Hassanrezaei1979@gmail.com Vince Ordog ordogvin@mtk.nyme.hu In the current study nutrient removal capability from municipal sewage by microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus and also the effects of used concentrations of sewage on algal growth, chlorophyll a content, BOD5, COD and pH of medium were investigated. For this reason, after culturing the algae Scenedesmus obliquus in a batch system and calculation of its specific growth rate, this species was cultivated in four concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 75%) of municipal sewage for 28 days in a continuous system. During the experiment, permanent lighting and a constant temperature of 24±1˚C were applied. All measurements except algae counting were done every two days. Based on the results, Specific growth rate in this study was calculated as 0.27 per day. PO4-P, NO3-N, NH4-N, COD and BOD5 values showed a significant decrease at the end of experiment. With increasing the concentration, chlorophyll a content and algal cells number showed a significant increase. Experimental results indicated that treatment with concentration of 75% had the best performance in phosphate and nitrate removal. It can be concluded that applied algae has a useful role in nutrient removal from wastewater using continuous system Municipal wastewater- Treatment- Continuous system- Scenedesmus obliquus- Phosphate- Nitrate 2018 1 01 13 27 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-425-en.pdf
23-424 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Effects of 4-nonylphenol on hepatosomatic,gonadosomatic indicators, and changes plasma IgM immunoglobulin and Lysozyme activity in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio carpio) Homauoun Hosseinzadeh h_hosseinzadeh@yahoo.com Parisa Amaninejad parisaamaninejad@yahoo.com Mahdi Soltani msoltani@ut.ac.ir Effect  of  4 - nonylphenol on hepatosomatic,gonadosomatic indicators plasma  IgM immunogl- obulin and  Lysozyme  activity were  studied in  immature  Koi  carp .  In  order to ,  fish  for  over   three  weeks  received   intraperitoneal  injection  of  10  ,  50  and  100  microgram  per  gram   of   4 –  nonylphenol  and  2   microgram  per  gram  of  17-β- estradiol per body  weight . Fish   samples were  taken  on  days  0  and  22 . The concentration of  IgM  immunoglobulin  was  measured  by  proposed    method  of   Siwicki  and  Anderson  and  lysozyme  activity  was measured  by ELISA .liver Index (HSI) and  ovarian  Index  (GSI ) in  females  and liver Index (HSI )in males was determined by Htun-Han.The   results  showed  that  amount  of  IgM  immunoglobulin  at  concentration  50 micrograms of  4- nonyl- phenol  (55/66± 2/51)  in  female  and  (59± 2/01)  in  male , and  also  at  treatment of  10 micrograms of 4-nonylphenol(53± 1/01)was significantly increased compared with control group(P <0.05). But the level  of  IgM mmunoglobulin  at  concentration 100 micrograms of  4-nonylphenol and 2  micrograms of 17- β-estradiol were significantly decreased compared with concentrations of 10 and 50 micrograms  of 4- nonylphenol (P<0.05). Also  the  amount of  Lysozyme activity at concentration  50  micrograms  of  4 - nonylphenol (64/33± 2/08)  in female and  (62/66 ±  2/51) in male ,were significantly increased compared with control group(P<0.05).But Lysozyme activity at high concentration of  4 - nonylphenol (100  micrograms  per  gram) and 17-β-estradiol showed significantly  reduced compared with control group (P<0.05). The  index  changes  of  the  liver and  ovaries in females and males, respectively.The results of  this study indicated  that estrogens like 4-nonylphenol  doubt  could  immunological  disrupt in  fish ,suppress the immune system and  by sex steroid activity  and  safety  balance ,the  fish  will  be   susceptible  to various diseases and increase the risk of disease. 4-nonylphenol HIS GSI IgM immunoglobulin Lysozime koi carp 2018 1 01 29 44 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-424-en.pdf
23-449 2024-03-28 10.1002
Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 In vitro antibacterial effects of Walnut (Juglans regia) extracts against Aeromonas hydrophila Ruhollah Rahimi rahimi@nres.sku.ac.ir Parvin Mohseni Sisakht manati50@yahoo.com Goodarz Hashemi goodarzhashemi@yahoo.com Recently, the antibacterial drug resistance and conventional dosage forms with their side effects increases  in aquaculture were induced more medical plants applications. Therefore, in this study minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Aeromonas hydrophila were evaluated by succession dilutions of Walnut extracts.  In addition, zone of  bacterial growth inhibition were analyzed using by agar diffusion test. Results showed that 37.5mg/ml of ethanolic and 75 mg/ml of water extraction doses were functioned as a MBC. Moreover, we saw 18.75 mg/ml of etanolic and 37.5mg/ml of water extraction doses were MIC’s. In addition, diameters of growth inhibition zones were confirmed results. Overall, we suggest ethanolic and water extracts of Walnut as an antibacterial material can examine in farm experiments 2018 1 01 45 51 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-449-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 The effect of different levels of Synbiotic on growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition of gray mullet (Mugilcephalus L.) juveniles Zeynab Roohi zeynabroohi@gmail.com Javad Ghasemzadeh jghasemz@yahoo.com.au Zoheir Shokouh Saljoghi zoheirsaljoghi@gmail.com The aim of This study was to investigate the effects of different levels of synbiotic (Biomon Imbo) on growth performance, feed efficiency and body composition of gray mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) juveniles. Fish with the initial average weight of 6.46±1.28 g were randomly distributed into 12 aquaria and fed with diets contain different levels of synbiotic including 0 (control), 0.5, 1.5 and 3.0 percent of synbiotic for 45 days. At the end of experiment some indicators of growth, nutrition and body biochemical composition of juveniles were assessed. According to the results, Addition of synbiotic to the basal diet increased Growth, Specific Growth Rate (SGR%), Feed Conversion Efficiency (FCE%) and decreased Feed conversion raito (FCR) (P<0.05). Synbiotic had a significant effect on enhanced Crude protein, protein efficiency raito, Protein Productive Value and lipid efficiency raito and also reduced Crude lipid and lipid Productive Value (P<0.05). The results of this study showed that the Synbiotic Biomin Imbo, have a high potential in improving the conditions of the growth, feed efficiency and body composition in Gray mullet compared with the control group. Synbiotic Biomin Imbo Growth Feed Body composition Gray mullet (Mugil cephalus L.) 2018 1 01 53 65 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-430-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Reproductive indices of male Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii) in Gheshlagh River (Sanandj, Iran) Tahmineh Fatholahi shilat67@yahoo.com Vahid Zadmajid zadmajid@gmail.com Barzan Bahrami Kamangar shilat67@yahoo.com Rutilus kutum, is an endemic fish species of Caspian Sea basin that have been introduced to Gheshlagh River basin, more recently. To understand the reproductive characteristics of transplanted Caspian Kutum to Gheshlagh River basin, twenty male Caspian kutum specimens with average 2.1 years old were caught from Gheshlagh Dam Lake during April to May 2015 by cast net. Some spermatological characteristics; sperm volume, duration of mobility, sperm density, spermatocrite, pH and osmolarity were measured for all sperm samples. The mean values (±sd) for these spermatological characteristics were 2.41 ± 0.16 cc, 42.46 ± 1.07 sec, 17.31 ± 2.24 million cells/ ml, 40.8 ± 2.34 % and 282.1 ± 4.87 mOsmol/Kg, respectively. The mean gonadosomatic index was 5.71 ± 0.31 %. Seminal plasma Na+ (190.87 mEq/l), Cl- (124.60 mEq/l) and K+ (28.34 mEq/l) were predominant ionic concentrations in the seminal plasma. The concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured in the seminal plasma. Testosterone and di-hydroxyprogesterone concentration were also measured in the blood serum of samples. AST, ALT and ALP concentration were 48.7 ± 7.29, 16.92 ± 1.57 and 25.4 ± 1.97 U/L respectively. Testosterone and di-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations were 1.23 ± 0.24 and 0.16 ± 0.04 ng/ml. In the histological study of testes, spermatozoa were the predominant cells that could be a sign of spermiation stage in the male kutum. The results have shown that transplantation of Caspian Kutum to the Gheshlagh River basian have not adverse effects on male reproductive characteristics.   Rutilus frisii Sanandaj Gheshlagh River Testes histology Spermatological indices Serum sex steroids 2018 1 01 67 78 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-434-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Determining of caretonoid asthaxanthin residue in different stages of emberyous growth and development and larvae and it, s effect on some immune indices in farmed sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) Ebrahim Fadakar Mahmoud Bahmani mahmoudbahmani@ymail.com Ayoub Yousefi Jourdehi Ayoub2222002@yahoo.com This study was carried out with the aim of detecting the effects of carotenoid astaxanthin on immunonological indices and determining caretonoid residue levels in Acipenser ruthenus. 4 doses of astaxanthin including 0 (control), 15 mg/kg, 45 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg were added to fish diet. A total of 48 pre - broodstock of Acipenser ruthenus (with mean weigth 600 ± 14.5 g) were selected and transferred to fiberglass 500 lit tanks and fed with diet containing different levels astaxanthin during 6 momths. After reproduction, the residue levels of astaxanthin were monitored during emboyos gdevelopment. Based on results, the most percentage of fertitlity among different treatments of astaxanthin was observed at concentration 75 mg/kg (P<0.05). Results showed that hatching rate of eggs in control was lower significantly than concentrations 45 and 75 mg/kg (P<0.05). Minimum residual level of total carotenoid and astaxanthin observed at stage PY and showed significant difference compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Minimum residual levels of cantazantine and Beta - carotene observed at stage PY and showed significant difference compared to ovulation stage (P<0.05). Lysozyme levels showed no significant difference compared to control (P>0.05). IgM levels at concentrations 45 and 75 mg/kg was lower significantly compared to 15mg/kg (P<0.05). Results showed C4 levels at concentration 45 mg/kg was lower significantly compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Based on results, C3 levels at concentrations 45 and 75 mg/kg was lower significantly compared to other treatments (P<0.05). By notice to obtained results, Adding 75 mg/kg to diet improved immunity efficiency compared to control. So it suggests adding astaxanthin in Acipenser ruthenus diet. Astaxanthin Artificial propagation Growth indices Immunity Acipenser ruthenus 2018 1 01 79 89 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-276-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 The effect of different dietary zinc on Pyruvate Kinase activity and electrophoretic pattern of muscle in Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamensky, 1901) Katayoun Karimzadeh Askar Zahmatkesh A feeding trial with two zinc levels (50 and 200 mg/kg) and control level (0 mg/kg of zinc) were conducted to investigate the pyruvate kinase (PK) activity and electrophoretic pattern of muscle in Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum). Two hundred and seventy juvenile fish (0.56±0.06g; mean ±SD) were randomly distributed in 9 aquaria (50L) and were fed three times daily for 3 months. Muscle protein expression, pyruvate kinase activity and zinc concentration were detected in Caspian Kutum muscle. Results showed that the highest amount of zinc was observed in fish fed 200mg/kg zinc in diet. Electrophoretic pattern of proteins extracted from the muscle were mostly constituted by myosin heavy (HC) and light (LC) chains which are characterized with three different protein regions (  LC1F, LC2F, LC3F). During the experimental period changes were found in LC2F and LC3F amounts. Pyruvate kinase activity showed a significant increase at the end of the experiment. Significantly positive correlation was observed between weight gain and pyruvate kinase activity in fish fed 50 mg/kg zinc (r=0.95; p≤0.05) .In conclusion, it appears that dietary zinc with 200 mg/kg did not affect intensity of separated protein bands and PK activity of muscle in Caspian Kutum. Rutilus frisii Kutum Zinc Pyruvate kinase Protein Pattern 2018 1 01 91 103 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-294-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Effects of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Matricaria recutita and Foeniculum vulgare on Indices of Hematology and Immunity Parameters of Cyprinus carpio Ali Reza Nejatsanati Alireza.nejatsanati@gmail.com Abbas Ali Zamini Dr-A-zamini@yahoo.com Immune stimulators especially with natural origin have important place at improving efficiency of fish immune system. In this research that was done for survey the effects of extracts of chamomile(Matricaria recutita) and fennel(Foeniculum vulgare) on indices of hematology and immunity parameters of cyprinus carpio, in summer 2014 at the Dr. Keywan center of Fisheries Sciences and Marine Technology at Islamic Azad University of Lahijan, 180 pieces of Carp fingerlings with average weight of (9.25±1.92) gr in the Compeletly Randomized Design with 5 treatments were fed up with food  having 0.5 and 1% and combined 0.5% extracts supplement and control group for two months. At the end of period, the blood of fishes were taken and hematologic parameters including RBC and WBC (Neubauer chamber), Htc, Hb (Cyanomet Hemoglubine), Differential Count (Blood Smear and Giemsa solution) and immune parameters including IgM (Thomas method), Lysozyme (Ellis method) and Liver enzymes of ALT and AST(photometric Method) were determined. Maximum number of RBC (1448333.3±36855.6in mm3), maximum hemoglobin (8±0.27 gr/dl) and maximum Hct (38.67%±2.08) belonged to Chamomile1% treatment. The most WBC was observed in combined treatment (9700±1307.7 in mm3). In Differential Count, Neutrophils had the highest percent (32.33±1.53) in this treatment. Fennel 1% treatment had the highest IgM (16.10±0.66 mg/dl). The highest total immunoglobulin (23.17±2.15 mg/ml) and the highest lysozyme (34.67±8.96u/ml/min) were related to Chamomile 1%. ALT and AST had the least amount (in order 17.67±4.51 and 167.67±26.48 u/l) in Fennel 1% treatment. In comparing, all of the treatments, had significant increase in number of RBC and Hct and Hb than control group (p<0.05). Increasing WBC in level 1% treatments was significant than control group (p<0.05). Percent of Neutrophils was increased significantly in all treatments than control group and fennel 0/5%.Total Ig was increased in the level of  1% extracts than control group (p<0.05). IgM in 1% treatments and combined treatments have significant increase than control group (p<0.05). Treatments of Chamomile 1% and combined without significant difference with each other (p>0.05) comparing to other treatments showed Lysozyme significant increase (p<0.05). Reduction of ALT in Fennel 1% level was significant than all treatments (p<0.05). Generally, it can be concluded that oral administration of extracts, especially Chamomile 1% and later, Fennel 1%, cause improvement of hematological and immune parameters of carp. Cyprinus carpio Matricaria recutita Foeniculum vulgare Hematology Immunity 2018 1 01 105 121 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-131-en.pdf
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Journal of Aquaculture Development JAD 2322-3545 0000-0000 10.61186/aqudev 2018 11 4 Negative effects of Threonine and Histidine deficient diets on Sobaity seabream juvenile (Sparidentex hasta) Morteza Yaghoubi m.yaghoubi@ut.ac.ir Jasem Ghafleh Marammazi jmarammazi06@gmail.com Omid Safari omidsafari@um.ac.ir This study was conducted in Bandare emam marine research center during the July to September of 2014. On this study effects of reducing essential amino acids of Threonine and Histidine in diets of Sobaity seabream in a constant level on whole body amino acids and chemical proximate, growth and nutritional indices was assessed. For these purposes three different treatments in triplicate was used during 42 days in base of feeding with semipurified diets containing crystalline amino acids. The control diet was without any deficiency, the threonine and Histidine diets were deficient in threonine and Histidine respectively. At the end of the experiment the data of growth and nutritional factors were collected and fish were sampled for whole body amino acids and chemical proximate analysis. According to the results, survival rate was only decreased significantly in threonine deficient group. Growth and nutritional factors including final Wight, percentage of weight increase, specific growth rate, protein efficiency, nitrogen retention and also intraperitoneal fat were decreased in deficient diets related to the control but feed conversion ratio increased. Crude lipid and gross energy decreased in deficient treatments. Threonine and Histidine content of whole body showed no significant different between treatments that showed amino acids sparing for these two essential amino acids. Reducing most of the growth and nutritional factor in threonine deficient diets related to the control and Histidine deficient diet showed the importance of threonine in this fish diet. Histidine reduced growth and other factors intermediary and demonstrated that there may be some mechanism for reducing Histidine consumption in deficiencies.   Sobaity seabrem Sparidentex hasta Amino acids deficiency Threonine Histidine 2018 1 01 123 136 http://aqudev.liau.ac.ir/article-1-289-en.pdf